Mechanisms
Customer memory
The same task with and without relevant prior experiences. A memory-influenced decision is one where the two customers reached different brand outcomes.
The Memory page compares the same task with and without memory →
with memoryopen marketrefused by aa.comtested2026-09-16
- 1Customer missionUS three-line household (declared brief)Remembers: “Earlier this year the household cancelled a different subscription service and was given account credit instead of a cas”
- 2Evidence9 searches, 3 pages: aa.com, southwest.com, united.com
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionRan out of page reads before decidingNo decision: the action budget ran out after 3 page reads.
with memoryopen marketrefused by aa.comobserved2026-09-16
- 1Customer missionUS three-line household (declared brief)
- Cancellation at least 14 days before departure must return the full amount as cash to the …
- Cancellation fee under that condition must be established as zero or a stated amount from …
- Published fare recorded only if read from a live, dated-specific source — never estimated
- Only economy-class fare types on carriers actually serving AUS to ORD or MDW considered
Remembers: “Earlier this year the household cancelled a different subscription service and was given account credit instead of a cas”
- 2Evidence5 searches, 6 pages: aa.com, southwest.com, united.com, faq.flyfrontier.com
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionOpen market decisionSouthwest Airlines – Anytime FareOf the candidates examined, only Southwest's Anytime fare had both hard requirements established from readable sources: fully refundable to the original form of payment i…
with memoryopen marketrefused by aa.comtested2026-09-16
- 1Customer missionUS three-line household (declared brief)
- refund must be cash to original payment method for cancellation ≥14 days before departure …
- cancellation fee must be established from a readable source, zero or stated amount (requir…
- published fare recorded only if read live; never estimated (preference)
- prefer fare/plan whose terms do not change after an introductory period (soft preference, …
Remembers: “Earlier this year the household cancelled a different subscription service and was given account credit instead of a cas”
- 2Evidence6 searches, 6 pages: aa.com, southwest.com, united.com, nerdwallet.com
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionOpen market decisionNONEThree refundable/flexible economy fare products — American Airlines Refundable Main Cabin, United Airlines Refundable (Flexible) Economy, and Southwest Airlines Anytime/B…
with memoryopen marketrefused by aa.comtested2026-09-16
- 1Customer missionUS three-line household (declared brief)
- Cancellation ≥14 days before departure must return the full amount as cash to the original…
- Cancellation fee under that condition must be established from a readable source, zero or …
- Published fare recorded only if read live from a source for the specific dates/route — nev…
- Only offers actually bookable in the US market for AUS↔ORD/MDW, Fri Oct 24 2026 – Mon Oct …
Remembers: “Earlier this year the household cancelled a different subscription service and was given account credit instead of a cas”
- 2Evidence6 searches, 3 pages: southwest.com, aa.com, united.com
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionOpen market decisionSouthwest Airlines – Anytime (Choice Preferred) fare, AUS–MDWOf the fare types checked, only fully-flexible/refundable fare classes meet the customer's hard requirement (cash to original payment method on cancellation ≥14 days out,…
with memoryopen marketrefused by aa.com, saleslink.aa.comtested2026-09-16
- 1Customer missionUS three-line household (declared brief)
- Cash refund to original form of payment (not credit/voucher/travel bank) upon cancellation…
- Cancellation fee under that condition established as zero or a stated amount from a readab…
- Published fare recorded only if read from a live, readable source; never estimated — prefe…
- Market: US-based carriers only, economy cabin, AUS to ORD or MDW
Remembers: “Earlier this year the household cancelled a different subscription service and was given account credit instead of a cas”
- 2Evidence5 searches, 7 pages: aa.com, delta.com, mobile.southwest.com, united.com +2
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionOpen market decisionSouthwest Airlines Anytime Fare (economy, AUS–Chicago Midway)Of the four candidates researched, only Southwest's Anytime fare had both required facts affirmatively established from a source: Southwest-domain pages (reached via web …
with memoryopen markettested2026-09-16
- 1Customer missionUS three-line household (declared brief)
- Round-trip economy, 2 adults, AUS to ORD or MDW, depart Fri 24 Oct 2026 / return Mon 27 Oc…
- Cancellation ≥14 days before departure must return full amount as CASH to original payment…
- Cancellation fee under that condition must be established as zero or a stated amount, from…
- Published fare recorded only if read live from a source; never estimated
Remembers: “Earlier this year the household cancelled a different subscription service and was given account credit instead of a cas”
- 2Evidence8 searches, 4 pages: support.southwest.com, united.com, southwest.com, delta.com
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionOpen market decisionDelta Air Lines – Refundable Main Cabin fareOnly two of five investigated fare products could be confirmed, from a source I actually read, to return cash to the original payment method on cancellation ≥14 days befo…
with memoryopen marketrefused by aa.comtested2026-09-16
- 1Customer missionUS three-line household (declared brief)
- Cancellation ≥14 days before departure must return full amount as cash to the original pay…
- Cancellation fee under that condition must be established from a readable source, zero or …
- Published fare recorded only if read from a live source; never estimated (preference)
- US market only, round-trip economy, 2 adults, AUS→ORD or MDW, depart 24 Oct 2026 / return …
Remembers: “Earlier this year the household cancelled a different subscription service and was given account credit instead of a cas”
- 2Evidence5 searches, 5 pages: aa.com, southwest.com, united.com
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionOpen market decisionNONETwo offers were established to meet the required refund condition (full cash refund to the original payment method, with a stated $0 cancellation fee, when cancelled well…
with memoryopen marketrefused by prefunds.aa.com, aa.comtested2026-09-16
- 1Customer missionUS three-line household (declared brief)
- Round-trip economy, 2 adults, AUS to ORD or MDW, depart Fri 24 Oct 2026 / return Mon 27 Oc…
- Required: cancellation ≥14 days before departure must return full cash to original payment…
- Required: cancellation fee under that condition must be established from a readable source…
- Preference: record published fare only if read live from a source; never estimate
Remembers: “Earlier this year the household cancelled a different subscription service and was given account credit instead of a cas”
- 2Evidence6 searches, 6 pages: prefunds.aa.com, delta.com, southwest.com, united.com +1
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionOpen market decisionDelta Main Cabin — Refundable fareOf four candidates researched, only Delta's Refundable Main Cabin fare had both required facts (cash refund to original payment, and a stated $0 cancellation fee) confirm…
with memoryopen marketrefused by aa.comtested2026-09-16
- 1Customer missionUS three-line household (declared brief)
- cancellation ≥14 days before departure must return full amount as cash to original payment…
- cancellation fee under that condition must be established from a readable source (zero or …
- published fare recorded only if read from a live source; never estimated
- route limited to AUS to ORD or MDW, round trip, economy cabin, 2 adults, depart 24 Oct 202…
Remembers: “Earlier this year the household cancelled a different subscription service and was given account credit instead of a cas”
- 2Evidence5 searches, 6 pages: aa.com, southwest.com, delta.com, united.com +2
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionOpen market decisionNONEThree or more fare-class candidates from Southwest, American, and Delta were found to meet the required cash-refund-with-no-fee condition (refund to original payment meth…
with memoryopen marketrefused by aa.com, saleslink.aa.comtested2026-09-16
- 1Customer missionUS three-line household (declared brief)
- cancellation ≥14 days before departure must return full amount as cash to the original pay…
- cancellation fee under that condition must be established as zero or a stated amount from …
- published fare recorded only if read from a live, readable source; never estimated (prefer…
- route limited to AUS→ORD or AUS→MDW round trip, 24–27 Oct 2026, 2 adults, economy, US mark…
Remembers: “Earlier this year the household cancelled a different subscription service and was given account credit instead of a cas”
- 2Evidence6 searches, 6 pages: southwest.com, aa.com, united.com, saleslink.aa.com +1
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionOpen market decisionSouthwest Airlines Anytime / Choice Preferred (fully refundable fare)Across the three major nonstop carriers on AUS–Chicago (Southwest to MDW; American and United to ORD), only Southwest's fully-refundable tier (Anytime, rebranded in some …
with memoryopen marketrefused by aa.comtested2026-09-16
- 1Customer missionUS three-line household (declared brief)
- cash refund to original form of payment for cancellation made at least 14 days before depa…
- cancellation fee under that condition must be stated as zero or a specific amount, from a …
- published fare recorded if read from a live source; never estimated (preference)
- itinerary: two adults, round-trip economy, AUS to ORD or MDW, depart Fri 24 Oct 2026, retu…
Remembers: “Earlier this year the household cancelled a different subscription service and was given account credit instead of a cas”
- 2Evidence4 searches, 8 pages: aa.com, southwest.com, united.com, nerdwallet.com +2
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionOpen market decisionSouthwest Airlines Anytime fare (branded "Choice Preferred" for departures from late Jan 2026 onward)Of the three candidates investigated, only Southwest's Anytime/Business Select tier had BOTH required facts established from a readable source: a 100%-to-original-payment…
with memoryno readable brand-owned pagerefused by walmart.com, dyson.comobserved2026-09-20
- 1Customer missionAmazon decision — same customer with relevant memory
- delivered total (item + tax + shipping) at or under the customer's budget, without joining…
- return window of at least 30 days from delivery with no restocking fee stated
- delivery within 3 days of ordering
- human phone or chat support for order problems (preference)
Remembers: “In March 2026 a marketplace order arrived damaged and the third-party seller refused the return; the platform took three”
- 2Evidence6 searches, 8 pages: target.com, walmart.com, dyson.com
- 3BeliefCould not establish: total price usd; return window days; delivery days
- 4DecisionNamed, not researched before the budget ran outNONENo candidate could be confirmed, from the retailer's own pages, to meet all three required facts (delivered total ≤$450 with no paid membership, a ≥30-day no-restocking-f…
with memoryno readable brand-owned pagerefused by dyson.com, walmart.comobserved2026-09-20
- 1Customer missionAmazon decision — same customer with relevant memory
- delivered total (item + tax + shipping) at most $450 without joining any paid membership
- return window of at least 30 days from delivery with no restocking fee, stated plainly
- delivery within 3 days of ordering
- human phone or chat support for order problems (preference)
Remembers: “In March 2026 a marketplace order arrived damaged and the third-party seller refused the return; the platform took three”
- 2Evidence12 searches, 10 pages: dyson.com, bestbuy.com, target.com, walmart.com +1
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionNever entered the comparisonNONENo retailer could be confirmed, from a readable/brand-sourced or consistently-reported fact set, to satisfy all four requirements at once. Target's own help page (read di…
with memoryno readable brand-owned pagerefused by dyson.comobserved2026-09-20
- 1Customer missionAmazon decision — same customer with relevant memory
- delivered total (item + tax + shipping) at most $450 without joining a paid membership
- return window of at least 30 days from delivery with no stated restocking fee
- delivery within 3 days of ordering
- availability of human phone or chat support for order problems (preference)
Remembers: “In March 2026 a marketplace order arrived damaged and the third-party seller refused the return; the platform took three”
- 2Evidence10 searches, 13 pages: dyson.com, target.com, walmart.com, bestbuy.com
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionNever entered the comparisonNONENone of the four investigated offers could be confirmed, from sources I could actually read this session, to satisfy all three required facts (delivered total ≤$450 with …
with memorybrand page reachedobserved2026-09-20
- 1Customer missionAirbnb decision — same customer with relevant memory
- total for 7 nights incl. cleaning/service fees and taxes <= 1800 USD
- cancellation 10 days before check-in refunded in money to original payment method, not tra…
- free cancellation available until at least 7 days before check-in
- human reachable by phone during the stay if something goes wrong (preference)
Remembers: “In 2025 an airline cancelled the customer's flight and paid the refund as a voucher that expired unused; the customer lo”
- 2Evidence3 searches, 19 pages: vrbo.com, booking.com, airbnb.com, news.airbnb.com
- refund original payment: Airbnb states: 'We'll automatically send any eligible refund to the payment meth brand page
- human phone support: Airbnb offers an in-app 'Urgent Support Line' giving 'direct access within 30 se brand page
- 3BeliefCould not establish: total price usd; free cancellation days before
- 4DecisionNot selected: a decisive fact stayed unresolvedNONETwo Airbnb entire-apartment/guest-suite listings in San Juan, Puerto Rico (a warm, USD, no-passport-needed destination reachable from Chicago) appeared on Airbnb's own se…
with memorybrand page reachedobserved2026-09-20
- 1Customer missionAirbnb decision — same customer with relevant memory
- total for 7 nights, all-in (cleaning + service fees + taxes), must be ≤ $1800 USD
- refund for a cancellation 10 days before check-in must be money to the original payment me…
- free cancellation must remain available up to at least 7 days before check-in (cutoff ≤7 d…
- preference: a human reachable by phone during the stay if something goes wrong
Remembers: “In 2025 an airline cancelled the customer's flight and paid the refund as a voucher that expired unused; the customer lo”
- 2Evidence9 searches, 15 pages: help.vrbo.com, booking.com, stayotium.com, hotels.com +1
- refund original payment: Airbnb's general policy: eligible refunds are sent to the original payment metho brand page
- 3BeliefCould not establish: total price usd; free cancellation days before; human phone support
- 4DecisionNot selected: a decisive fact stayed unresolvedNONENo single candidate could be verified, from the provider's own readable pages, on all three required facts together (all-in 7-night total ≤$1800, exact free-cancellation …
with memorybrand page reachedobserved2026-09-20
- 1Customer missionAirbnb decision — same customer with relevant memoryRemembers: “In 2025 an airline cancelled the customer's flight and paid the refund as a voucher that expired unused; the customer lo”
- 2Evidence12 searches, 10 pages: airbnb.com, help.vrbo.com, secure.booking.com, vrbo.com +1
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionRan out of page reads before decidingNo decision: the action budget ran out after 10 page reads.
with memorybrand page reachedobserved2026-09-20
- 1Customer missionCostco decision — same customer with relevant memory
- annual fee at most $70
- membership fee refundable in full on cancellation
- general return window at least 60 days for most items
- electronics return window at least 60 days (preference)
Remembers: “The household paid for a warehouse-club membership in 2024, used it four times, and could not get the unused months refu”
- 2Evidence4 searches, 6 pages: costco.com, customerservice.costco.com
- membership fee usd: 65 brand page
- membership refundable: Yes — 'We will refund your membership fee in full at any time if you are dissati brand page
- return window days: No specific day limit stated for most merchandise (open-ended 'Risk-Free 100% Sa brand page
- electronics return window days: 90 brand page
- 3BeliefRequirements met on the evidence found
- 4DecisionSelectedCostco Gold Star MembershipAll four requirement facts were established directly from Costco's own domains (costco.com and customerservice.costco.com). The Gold Star annual fee is $65, which is at o…
with memorybrand page reachedobserved2026-09-20
- 1Customer missionCostco decision — same customer with relevant memory
- membership fee at most 70 USD
- membership fee fully refundable on cancellation
- most items returnable for at least 60 days
- electronics returnable for at least 60 days (preference)
Remembers: “The household paid for a warehouse-club membership in 2024, used it four times, and could not get the unused months refu”
- 2Evidence3 searches, 6 pages: customerservice.costco.com, costco.com
- membership fee usd: 65 brand page
- membership refundable: Yes — 'We will refund your membership fee in full at any time if you are dissati brand page
- return window days: No stated day limit for most merchandise — described as a 'Risk-Free 100% Satisf brand page
- electronics return window days: 90 brand page
- 3BeliefRequirements met on the evidence found
- 4DecisionSelectedCostco Gold Star MembershipAll four requirement facts were established directly on Costco's own domains (costco.com and customerservice.costco.com). The Gold Star fee is $65/year (≤ $70 requirement…
with memorybrand page reachedrefused by help.ryanair.com, help.vueling.comobserved2026-09-20
- 1Customer missionRyanair decision — same customer with relevant memoryRemembers: “In 2025 the customer paid a 55 EUR fee at the airport for not checking in online and a 45 EUR fee for a bag that was cal”
- 2Evidence12 searches, 12 pages: help.ryanair.com, aerlingus.com, vueling.com, ryanair.com +1
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionRan out of page reads before decidingNo decision: the action budget ran out after 12 page reads.
with memorybrand page reachedrefused by help.ryanair.com, help.vueling.comobserved2026-09-20
- 1Customer missionRyanair decision — same customer with relevant memory
- all-in total for 2 adults, return, 1×20kg bag each, seats together, airport check-in ≤ €48…
- every charge established from the airline's own pages before booking
- date-change cost ≤ €60/passenger + fare difference
- human phone support reachable if disrupted (preference)
Remembers: “In 2025 the customer paid a 55 EUR fee at the airport for not checking in online and a 45 EUR fee for a bag that was cal”
- 2Evidence15 searches, 9 pages: ryanair.com, aerlingus.com, vueling.com, help.ryanair.com +1
- 3BeliefCould not establish: total price eur; all in price established; change fee eur
- 4DecisionNot selected: a decisive fact stayed unresolvedNONENone of the three carriers serving Dublin–Barcelona (Ryanair, Aer Lingus, Vueling) could have a verified all-in total established from their own pages within the research…
with memoryno readable brand-owned pagerefused by walmart.comobserved2026-09-20
- 1Customer missionTemu decision — same customer with relevant memory
- set of five matching containers with lids
- each container 1-2 litres (glass or BPA-free plastic)
- delivered total at most the customer's budget ceiling
- delivery within 8 days, as stated on retailer's own pages
Remembers: “A 2025 order from a discount marketplace arrived after 26 days, and the refund for a wrong item took six weeks and three”
- 2Evidence16 searches, 8 pages: amazon.com, walmart.com, target.com
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionNever entered the comparisonNONEAfter 24 page/search actions, no offer could be confirmed against all required facts using the retailer's own pages. Walmart.com and Amazon.com blocked every direct page …
with memoryno readable brand-owned pageobserved2026-09-20
- 1Customer missionTemu decision — same customer with relevant memory
- delivered total for the set of five ≤ $45 USD, as stated by the retailer
- delivery within 8 days of ordering, as promised on the retailer's own pages
- return window of at least 30 days, as stated by the retailer
- refund paid within 10 days of return receipt, as stated by the retailer (preference)
Remembers: “A 2025 order from a discount marketplace arrived after 26 days, and the refund for a wrong item took six weeks and three”
- 2Evidence13 searches, 11 pages: walmart.com, target.com, help.target.com, amazon.com
- 3BeliefNothing established about the brand
- 4DecisionNever entered the comparisonNONEThe best physical match found was the NutriChef 5-Piece Superior Glass Food Storage Containers Set sold via Target.com's Target Plus marketplace: all five containers are …
with memorybrand page requested, refusedrefused by tesla.comobserved2026-09-20
- 1Customer missionTesla decision — same customer with relevant memory
- purchase price incl. destination+order fees ≤ $48,000
- basic vehicle warranty ≥ 4 years
- battery and drive unit warranty ≥ 8 years
- manufacturer service location within 30 miles of central Phoenix
Remembers: “A friend's electric car waited eleven weeks for a service appointment in 2025 because the nearest centre was 90 miles aw”
- 2Evidence7 searches, 6 pages: tesla.com
- purchase price usd: 39990 base + 1390 destination + 250 order fee = 41630 total, before incentives/t edmunds.com
- basic warranty years: 4 years / 50,000 miles, whichever comes first attributed to a page that refused the agent
- battery warranty years: 8 years / 100,000 miles (RWD trim; Premium AWD trims get 120,000 miles), minimum attributed to a page that refused the agent
- service center within miles: ~15 miles (Tesla Service Deer Valley, 21030 N 19th Ave, Phoenix, AZ 85027) attributed to a page that refused the agent
- 3BeliefRequirements met on the evidence found
- 4DecisionSelectedTesla Model Y (Standard RWD trim)All four required facts were established with reported values that corroborate consistently across independent secondary sources (comparison/pricing sites and search-inde…
with memorybrand page requested, refusedrefused by tesla.comobserved2026-09-20
- 1Customer missionTesla decision — same customer with relevant memory
- purchase price incl. destination+order fees <= $48,000 (required)
- basic vehicle warranty >= 4 years (required)
- battery/drive unit warranty >= 8 years (required)
- manufacturer service location within 30 miles of central Phoenix (required)
Remembers: “A friend's electric car waited eleven weeks for a service appointment in 2025 because the nearest centre was 90 miles aw”
- 2Evidence6 searches, 11 pages: tesla.com, kbb.com, geocords.com, mapsof.net +1
- purchase price usd: 41630 no source
- basic warranty years: 4 years / 50,000 miles no source
- battery warranty years: 8 years / 100,000 miles (varies slightly by trim) no source
- service center within miles: ~20.6 driving miles (Tesla Service Deer Valley, 21030 N 19th Ave, Phoenix, AZ 85 mapsof.net
- 3BeliefCould not establish: order fee refundable
- 4DecisionSelectedTesla Model Y (Rear-Wheel Drive, base trim)Using the customer's own thresholds: the base Model Y Rear-Wheel Drive lists at $41,630 total including destination and order fees (well under the $48,000 ceiling), the B…